The proportions of CD4 + T cell subsets, B cells and the concentrations of cytokines were detected. PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline), 2 × 10 5 hUCMSCs, 25 µg/ml hUCMSC-EVs, 50 µg/ml hUCMSC-EVs were co-cultured with 2 × 10 6 activated splenic mononuclear cells for 3 days in vitro, respectively. We isolated splenic mononuclear cells from MRL/lpr mice, a classical animal model of SLE. In this study, we investigated whether hUCMSCs derived extracellular vesicles (hUCMSC-EVs) could regulate abnormal immune responses of T cells or B cells in SLE. New evidence has shown beneficial effects of MSC-EVs on autoimmune diseases, such as their immunomodulatory properties. EVs play a vital role in cell-to-cell communication by acting as biological transporters. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are subcellular components secreted by a paracellular mechanism and are essentially a group of nanoparticles. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) therapies have endowed with promise in SLE, while the function of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) was still unclear. Immunopathology believes that abnormal T cell function and excessive production of autoantibodies by B cells are involved in multi-organ damage.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple systems.

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